PAA and APC signed this multi-society letter to formally express concerns regarding the Executive Order (EO) titled “Improving Oversight of Federal Grantmaking,” issued on August 7. Our nation’s federal grantmaking ecosystem serves as the gold standard for supporting cutting-edge research and driving technological innovation worldwide. Ongoing evaluation and oversight of this ecosystem contribute to its effectiveness in the U.S.; however, specific directives within this EO raise questions regarding the possibility of politicization in federally funded research. We respectfully request that Congress provide guidance as agencies implement this EO. It is critical that we safeguard the integrity of the merit-based peer review process.